The article considers the mathematical knowledge gained by students of a comprehensive school in the secondary education system, which is determined by their practical significance, the possibilities of forming and developing thinking, contribution to the creation of ideas about scientific methods of knowing reality. The actual task of the modern school is to ensure its own educational trajectory based on each student's awareness of its capabilities and the available choice of content and forms of educational activity, examples of the authors' works aimed at in-depth study of the subject and preparing students for continuing their studies in specialized universities are given. Modern requirements for the results of teaching mathematics, along with the development of subject knowledge, provide for training in the use of them in everyday life in solving practical issues. The article presents the results of an experiment conducted in 5-6 (control and practical) classes on teaching methods for solving non-standard textual problems of practical content, which are presented in the form of a diagram. Examples of solutions and instructions for solving text problems using methods used in solving non-standard problems are given.