Mathematics is one of the important subjects that allows you to form and develop financial literacy of students through the content and tools of training. The article discusses the issues of improving the professional and methodological training of future mathematics teachers by introducing a special course in the content of the educational program for the formation of financial literacy of students while studying the school course of mathematics. Also, the article presents the content of the course "Fundamentals of financial literacy and their mathematical solutions", necessary for the formation of financial literacy of students, methodology for solving problems of financial and economic content was proposed and specific examples were given. The purpose of the study is to identify the methodological basis for improving the professional training of future mathematics teachers to develop  financial literacy of school students. The objectives of the study are to study the condition of training future teachers of mathematics to developfinancial literacy of school students, to compile substantive and methodological recommendations for the course "Fundamentals of financial literacy and their mathematical solutions". The effectiveness of the methodological recommendations of the research work is confirmed experimentally by introducing them into the process of teaching mathematics in general education schools in Almaty. The significance of the study is that the result of the study contributes to the integration of the content of the mathematics course with financial knowledge by introducing a special course into the educational program of pedagogical universities, the formation of financial literacy of school students using financial and economic content tasks.